DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GAS DETECTION SYSTEM
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
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- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 5000
Problem Statement
Gas detectors are an essential application for home and commercial safety; they are also employed in numerous industrial industries. They are used in welding shops to detect combustibles and toxics and in nuclear plants, to detect combustibles. They are also commonly used to detect hazardous vapors in wastewater treatment plants and are very efficient in confined spaces where there is no continuous employee occupancy. Such spaces include tanks, pits, vessels and storage bins. They may also be placed at a site to detect toxins prior to occupant entry where it commonly used for gas leak detection system, fire/safety detection system and gas leak alarm. It can be found in a variety of locations such as on oil rigs to monitor manufacture processes and emerging technologies such as photovoltaic. They may also be used in firefighting. Typical installation areas being gas yards (Bullets), gas banks with multi cylinders in manifold, user production departments/utility areas like kitchens. Other areas of application and the common gases it can detect are listed in the table below:
TABLE 1.2 Common Gasses and Detection Applications
|
Application |
Common Gases Detected |
|
Water & Waste Water Treatment |
chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, methane, oxygen |
|
Petroleum Production & Refining |
hydrogen sulfide, combustible gases |
|
Natural Gas Production & Transport |
natural gas, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans |
|
Mining |
methane, oxygen, dust |
|
Gold Extraction |
hydrogen cyanide |
|
Electroplating |
hydrogen cyanide |
|
Food Processing & Cold Storage |
chlorine, ammonia, methane, dust |
|
Grain Storage & Transportation |
methane, oxygen, phosphine, dust |
|
Breathing Air (Supplied Air Systems) |
carbon monoxide, oxygen |
|
Parking Garages |
carbon monoxide |
|
Semiconductor Manufacturing & Processing |
arsine, phosphine, silane, hydrogen, hydrochloric acid, numerous other gases |
|
Fuel Storage & Transportation |
combustible gases, oxygen |
|
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks |
combustible gases, oxygen |
|
Pulp & Paper Manufacturing |
chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, oxygen |
|
Beer & Wine Making |
oxygen, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide |
|
Fertilizer Manufacturing |
Ammonia |
|
Indoor Air Quality |
carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen |
|
Stack (Flue) Gas Emissions |
oxygen, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide |
|
Chemical Manufacturing & Processing |
Various |
Aim and Objectives
The aim of this project is to design and construct a gas detection system.
The Objectives of this project include:
- To design a potable and lower cost gas detector system for liquefied petroleum gas.
- To trigger an alarm when gas is detected.
- To improve the feasibility of networks, smart detection for health and safety and for increasing the efficiency of heating, cooling, and ventilation systems in buildings. It could replace the need for single-purpose or much larger equipment to detect, for example, urban air quality problems.
- In addition, the project which are made with a flexible plastic, have low power requirements. This means it will be able to be used in conjunction with energy harvesting technologies for continuous operation, and could be integrated into textiles as well as electronics.
Significance of the Project
The significant of the project is that it improves health, safety, and efficiency as it detects gas leakages at homes, offices, business firms, in a car, storage tank environment or in a service station, etc. It can easily be implemented to industrial level by upgrading its ranges of detection. The significant of this project cannot be over emphasized because anywhere people live or work with gas, so it plays an important role in monitoring the people health and safety and as well increasing role in managing buildings for high efficiency. There are many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals so the system detects these gases including combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion while avoiding false alarms.
Scope of Study
The project senses high sensitivity LPG (iso-butane, propane, LNG and cigarette smoke) from concentration of 200 PPM to 10,000 PPM using 9 volts battery powered supply. It has small sensitivity to alcohol.
Justification of the Project
This project helps people to upgrade their safety standards, comply statutory even though it has small sensitivity to detect alcohol, it can be used as liquor tester. The project has excellent sensitivity combined with a quick response time. It’s most important and basic function is to prevent accidents and protect life and property from disaster. It provides along lasting safety means for detecting the leakage of gas into the area of an appliance when the appliance is in a shutdown condition or not in operation. It provide a novel gas detection and monitoring system which is economical to manufacture and which may be readily installed in conventional trailers, boats or the like which are normally dependent upon a stored supply of pressurized gas.
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